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''What Is Literature?'' ((フランス語:Qu'est-ce que la littérature?)), also published as ''Literature and Existentialism'',) is a French essay by philosopher and novelist, Jean-Paul Sartre, published by Gallimard in 1948. Initially published in freestanding essays across French literary journals ''Les Temps modernes'', ''Situations I'' and ''Situations II'', essays "What is Writing?" and "Why Write?" were translated into English and published by the Paris-based literary journal Transition 1948.〔 〕 The English translation by Bernard Frechtman was published in 1950. ==Summary== Sartre attempts to devise an understanding of the effect literature on those who are subjected to it. In the foreword Sartre addresses his critics who condemn him for supposing literature can be political rather than relegated as art. Using term "committed writing" in relation to the writer who is politically active, Sartre begins his query into the art of writing. The book is divided into four chapters: # What is Writing? # Why Write? # For Whom Does One Write? # Situation of the Writer in 1947 Sartre makes a significant distinction between prose and poetry; arguing that prose is committed writing, and that only poetry fits into his critics' conception of literature as an object (such as a painting or a sculpture). Sartre maintains that the prose writer utilizes language with deliberation, and in keeping with his early existentialist philosophy that man is ultimately free, Sartre argues that committed writing communicates the ideal of a free society. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「What Is Literature?」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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